In 1862, Wilhelm von Blandowski produced The Encyclopedia of Australia as a large visual atlas of 142 plates dedicated to a comprehensive representation of the continent Australia.
With the foundation of the most northerly Orthodox monastery in 1436, monks and settlers began to create an extensive canal system on Solovetsky Island between the island’s more than five hundred lakes, thus transforming and adapting the environment to accommodate the needs of human settlers.
Several national parks along the Wadden Sea coastline between the Netherlands and Germany have become part of the United Nations transboundary Wadden Sea World Heritage site.
Between 1981 and 1992 the Austrian federal states of Carinthia, Salzburg, and Tyrol established the Hohe Tauern National Park as Austria’s first national park in the Alpine mountain range of the same name.
The river Zolotitsa is located in what is now Arkhangelsk province and flows into the White Sea. The 1980 discovery and subsequent open-pit mining of a large diamond deposit severely transformed the landscape and is threatening to destroy the ecosystem of the upper Zolotitsa region.
The St. Petersburg flood of 1824, in which the level of the river Neva rose to the 4 meter 20 centimeter mark, is the greatest in the history of the city. The city did not recover from the destructive effects of the flood until the mid-1830s.
The first cholera epidemic in St. Petersburg, then capital of the Russian Empire, brought to light the city’s enormous sanitary problems. During the course of the epidemic 12,540 people sickened and 6,449 died.
Valaam Island on Lake Ladoga is the location of the Orthodox Valaam Monastery. Due to the creation of alleys and gardens carefully cultivated by the monks, many non-endemic trees and plants acclimatized successfully. As a result, Valaam’s largely man-made environment is today considered to be one of the most dense and diverse biospheres in Europe.
The Bavarian Forest National Park, situated in South-Eastern Germany along the boundary with the Czech Republic, was established as the country’s first national park in October 1970.
Arcadia: Explorations in Environmental History is an open-access, peer-reviewed publication platform for short, illustrated, and engaging environmental histories. Embedded in a particular time and place, each story focuses on a site, event, person, organization, or species as it relates to nature and human society. By publishing digitally on the Environment & Society Portal, Arcadia promotes accessibility and visibility of original research in global environmental history and cognate disciplines.
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