This article explores the prospects and politics of indigenous participation in multi-sector conservation, using the case of the Boreal Leadership Council (BLC) in Canada. It concludes that multi-sector conservation creates both new possibilities for indigenous empowerment and new forms of marginalization through the reproduction of a (post)colonial geography of exclusion.

Drawing on interviews with the managers of 56 internationally adjoining protected areas in 18 countries in the Americas, the study focuses on the link between land use change and environmental change, and on three adaptation strategies, namely diversification, pooling, and out-migration. It suggests that the impact of adaptation depends on the adaptation strategy chosen.

The authors draw on empirical experience to assess the extent of the impact of race and social equity in conservation, with the aim of promoting sustainable and more inclusive conservation practices in South Africa. Their findings suggest conservation practices in post-apartheid South Africa are still exclusionary for the majority black population.

The authors illuminate the power relations between state actors and the local people in accessing fuelwood in Zimbabwe, and how discourses of scarcity enhance these power dynamics.