energy

National metabolism of the US grew exponentially from 1790 to 2000, increasing 1600 per cent…

Burning cultivation of peatlands has been practised in peat-rich countries at one time or other throughout Western Europe. In these and other peat-rich countries, the inclusion of the emissions from burning cultivation could substantially alter historical carbon dioxide emission estimates.

Two substantive criticisms of Warren Dean’s ‘wood hypothesis’ are offered here: the wood hypothesis is accurate in general but underestimated the industrial consumption of fossil fuels, without conclusively rejecting the competing ‘hydroelectricity’ hypothesis; the method used for estimating potential energy supply from forest area was erroneous.

A brief review of some of the major publications in environmental history at the worldwide and global scales suggests that authors are engaging in more studies that eschew a single approach.

The author uses a critical realist perspective to investigate relations between social constructions and the dynamics of nature.

Eugene P. Odum and Howard T. Odum were at the forefront of the ‘new ecology’ of ecosystems, in the 1950s and 1960s. They were also firmly committed to bringing both natural and human ecosystems into accord with the laws of ecoenergetics (the flow of energy through a system).

This paper gives an account of the participatory, democratic and pluralistic perspectives of Boulding and other important figures in the General Systems Community (GSC).

Wood scarcity at Lovers Alum Works (LAW) restricted the amount of alum produced during a large part of the period of activity (1723–1810s). During the shale fuel period (1810s–1877) the emissions of volatile substances such as cadmium and sulfur increased.

Horace Herring explores the history of nuclear energy and its reception shortly after a Tsunami hit the North East coast of Japan in March 2011, causing a nuclear disaster at the Fukushima One nuclear power plant.