"The Control of Alkali Pollution in St. Helens, 1862–1890"
The attempts of Angus Smith and his colleagues to control alkali pollution after 1863 are usually seen as being a success…
The attempts of Angus Smith and his colleagues to control alkali pollution after 1863 are usually seen as being a success…
Wood scarcity at Lovers Alum Works (LAW) restricted the amount of alum produced during a large part of the period of activity (1723–1810s). During the shale fuel period (1810s–1877) the emissions of volatile substances such as cadmium and sulfur increased.
The first part of the paper discusses the social, economic and legal history of the copper smoke problem, and the technology employed to control emissions. The second part deals with the chemical composition of copper smoke and estimates the output and dispersion of copper smoke and other metal fumes from the Llanelli Copper Company’s works in the 1860s.
Plume dispersion modelling has been used to estimate the smoke and sulphur dioxide concentrations for historic York in five individual years, 1381, 1672, 1841, 1851, and 1891. Historical data concerning population, housing, industrial distribution, fuel imports and exports have been used to generate a source matrix for sulphur dioxide and smoke for the model.
Time-defined oak wood segments and soil samples were used as a source of information on the cadmium and lead pollution process induced by the emissions that occurred from 1726 to 1840 around a Swedish alumworks.
The advent of affordable coal in plentiful supply encouraged economic progress, but at the same time brought a largely silent pollution legacy which is still evident today…
Stolberg examines the history of air pollution as a scientific, social and political issue from 1800 to 1860.
A smoke prevention committee supervised the work of two specialist inspectors and maintained detailed minutes. These show how councillors decided that ‘black smoke’ was preventable.
A case study of beach pollution illustrates economic and political influences that have shaped environmental policy in Britain.
Detailed examination of the fabric records suggests that there is no simple, direct relationship between coal use and fabric repair costs. Complicating the relationship are a whole set of complex human systems involved in identification of decay, the style of restoration and management of the repair work.