recycling

Aliases: 

“An Environmental Escape from European Integration: Scandinavian Environmental Activism and Economic Protectionism against Disposable Bottles, 1960s to 1988”

“This article uses the disposable bottle as a lens through which to study how social actors in Scandinavia have engaged with and challenged European integration at the tension between environmental and economic interests.”

Plastic China

A woman and her family live next to a recycling plant in China, in mountains of plastic waste from Asia, Europe, and the U.S.This documentary reveals the lives of those on the fringes of global capitalist realities, a far cry from the communist dream.

Toxic Exports: The Transfer of Hazardous Wastes from Rich to Poor Countries

Jennifer Clapp examines the nature of international trade in toxic waste and the roles of multinational corporations and environmental NGOs. Waste transfer has become a routine practice for firms in industrialized countries and poor countries accept these imports but struggle to manage the materials safely. She argues that governments have failed to recognize the voices of protest.

Making a Green Machine: The Infrastructure of Beverage Container Recycling

Finn Arne Jørgensen examines the development of the Scandinavian beverage container deposit-refund system, which has the highest return rates in the world, from 1970 to the present day. He reveals the challenges faced when the system was exported internationally and explores the critical role of technological infrastructures and consumer convenience in modern recycling.