"The Control of Alkali Pollution in St. Helens, 1862–1890"
The attempts of Angus Smith and his colleagues to control alkali pollution after 1863 are usually seen as being a success…
The attempts of Angus Smith and his colleagues to control alkali pollution after 1863 are usually seen as being a success…
The first part of the paper discusses the social, economic and legal history of the copper smoke problem, and the technology employed to control emissions. The second part deals with the chemical composition of copper smoke and estimates the output and dispersion of copper smoke and other metal fumes from the Llanelli Copper Company’s works in the 1860s.
Plume dispersion modelling has been used to estimate the smoke and sulphur dioxide concentrations for historic York in five individual years, 1381, 1672, 1841, 1851, and 1891. Historical data concerning population, housing, industrial distribution, fuel imports and exports have been used to generate a source matrix for sulphur dioxide and smoke for the model.
The advent of affordable coal in plentiful supply encouraged economic progress, but at the same time brought a largely silent pollution legacy which is still evident today…
This article examines how riparian law governed the disposal of industrial wastes into watercourses in the United States in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Agnoletti and Corona provide the background on this issue.
Michael Everett examines how environmental movements develop and how they deal with economic counterforces and motivate political actors to pass effective environmental regulations.
From the late 1950s onward, Helsinki experienced air pollution from energy generation, industries, waste incineration, and traffic. After having been at its worst in the late 1960s the air quality in Helsinki eventually improved remarkably. This paper examines the reasons for this environmentally advantageous outcome, which was achieved in the absence of a particularly successful environmental policy.